A longitudinal investigation of protective factors for bereaved maltreated youth     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundMaltreated youth are at an elevated risk for the development of problem behaviors. Coping with the death of a family member or close friend during adolescence, referred to as bereavement, is a stressful event that could potentiate risk linked to maltreatment. However, developmental research suggests that youth adjustment is a product of multiple risk and protective factors. Although maltreated youth who experience loss may be particularly vulnerable to behavior problems, personal and contextual factors may attenuate or exacerbate youths’ risk for internalizing and externalizing psychopathology.ObjectiveThe overarching goal of this study is to examine individual, family, and community-level protective factors for maltreated youth who experience bereavement. Specifically, we aim to examine the effect of age 12 bereavement on age 16 internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, and to investigate the moderating role of multi-level protective factors at ages 14 and 16.MethodsThe study consisted of a sample of 800 youth (52.4% female, 45.1% African-American) drawn from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN), collected from 1998 to 2011.ResultsMaltreated youth who experienced significant loss were at increased risk for externalizing symptoms, compared to non-bereaved maltreated youth (β = 0.085, p < .05). Individual future orientation (β = 0.103, p < .05) family future orientation (β = −0.120, p < .05), parental monitoring (β = −0.123, p< .01), and neighborhood collective efficacy (β = −0.126, p < .01) each significantly moderated the association between bereavement and externalizing symptoms.ConclusionsThese results have implications for future interventions aimed towards reducing problem behaviors in adolescents with a history of child maltreatment and who experience bereavement.  相似文献   

制约高校病、伤、残学生体育行为的因素分析及对策研究     

杨文运  任冀军 《河北体育学院学报》2002,16(4):65-67

缺乏自我锻炼的知识与技能,存在较大的心理障碍,是制约病、伤、残学生进行体育锻炼的主要因素。应该从促进学生心理健康入手,通过成立保健班、选择适宜的锻炼项目等手段,使其形成终身体育思想,养成经常锻炼身体的习惯。  相似文献   

图书馆服务质量与读者行为关系研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

王频 《图书馆论坛》2008,28(4)

分析图书馆服务质量和读者行为的关系以及影响读者行为的各种变量,阐述了图书馆服务质量不高对读者行为的影响及改进措施。  相似文献   

网络空间的虚构性与信息活动失范探析     

彭前卫 《图书馆论坛》2006,26(4):8-11,7

主体性视角下的网络空间关系是主体虚拟实践所构建的，虚构性是其本质特征。在从现实到虚拟转换过程中，主体的非理性冲破了理性的束缚，主导了主体的行为，造成了网络信息活动的失范。从主体性角度来看,防范网络信息活动失范，应从增加制度供给和强化主体理性着手，通过引导主体在网络实践过程中培养其网络理性，以人的理性规范和引导非理性因素以达到目的。  相似文献   

Information-seeking behavior of economics graduate students: If you buy it,will they come?     

Eimmy Solis 《Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship》2018,23(1):11-25

The information-seeking behavior of social science graduate students has been the subject of many studies, but none have concentrated only on the economics graduate student population and their unique needs. The purpose of this focus group study was to use group discussions to understand the actual online behavior of graduate economics students when conducting research. The results provide insight and information about the skills and characteristics of economics graduate students, their first steps in conducting research online, their use of publicly available and library resources, challenges to finding information, and resources used to overcome these challenges.  相似文献   

Psychological complaints reported by sexually abused children during criminal investigations: Istanbul example     

《Child abuse & neglect》2016

The present study aims at describing the psychological complaints reported, as a part of the criminal investigation process, by the victims of sexual abuse as a part of the criminal investigation process, without attempting at reaching a medical diagnosis; and it discusses the relation of these reports with variables such as victim's gender, age and relation to the offender, type and duration of abuse, and parental marital status of the victim. Data is obtained from the statements of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) victims under the age of 15, as taken by Istanbul Juvenile Justice Department between the years 2009 and 2012. The sample consists of 175 cases with a total of 202 victim statements. Through the use of content analysis, the main and sub-categories of themes of the statements were determined. By means of the evaluation of the psychological condition of victims, we evaluated them in two categories: psychological complaints including self-harm and risk taking behaviors and psychological complaints with no self-harm and risk taking behaviors. The statistical analyses yield significant relations between the psychological complaints and children's parental marital status. Analysis of initial statements of sexual abuse victims is important as it may greatly contribute to professionals diagnosing and treating psychological complaints of these victims. It is essential that victims of sexual abuse should receive immediate psychological support starting with the criminal investigation process.  相似文献   

Child behaviors as a moderator: Examining the relationship between foster parent supports,satisfaction, and intent to continue fostering     

《Child abuse & neglect》2015

Foster parents need access to supports and resources in order to be satisfied with their caregiving role and continue providing foster care services. However, they often experience multiple demands in their role as a substitute caregiver that could lead to stress. Child behaviors especially may be a significant factor when considering sources of strain and may be a potential risk factor for negative outcomes such as dissatisfaction or the decision to discontinue providing foster care. The purpose of this study was to examine whether child disruptive behaviors moderated or influenced the nature or strength of the relationship between foster parent supports and satisfaction as a caregiver as well as intent to continue fostering. The sample consisted of 155 licensed foster caregivers from across the United States. Child behaviors served as a significant moderator between some types of supports and satisfaction. Implications for future research, practice, and policy are discussed.  相似文献   

Peer victimization,deviant peer affiliation and impulsivity: Predicting adolescent problem behaviors     

《Child abuse & neglect》2016

Abundant evidence has demonstrated an association between peer victimization and adolescent problem behaviors. However, there is a large gap in knowledge about the potential mediators that associate peer victimization with problem behaviors and the potential moderators that exacerbate or buffer this association. The current study examined whether deviant peer affiliation mediated the association between peer victimization and problem behaviors and whether the direct and indirect associations were moderated by impulsivity. A sample of 1401 adolescents (50.1% boys, 11–14 years old) completed anonymous questionnaires regarding peer victimization, impulsivity, deviant peer affiliation, and problem behaviors. Gender, age and socioeconomic status (SES) were controlled for in the analyses. Structural equation models showed that peer victimization was significantly associated with more problem behaviors, and this association was mediated by deviant peer affiliation. Impulsivity moderated both the direct association (peer victimization → problem behaviors) and the second stage of the indirect path (deviant peer affiliation → problem behaviors). Specifically, these associations were especially stronger for adolescents with higher impulsivity. Identifying the processes by which peer victimization is associated with adolescent problem behaviors has important implications for an integrative framework of theory and prevention.  相似文献   

Adult mental health outcomes of child sexual abuse survivors born at extremely low birth weight     

《Child abuse & neglect》2016

The high prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) is concerning, particularly as survivors are at increased risk for multiple adverse outcomes, including poor mental health across the lifespan. Children born at an extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) and who experience CSA may be a group that is especially vulnerable to psychopathology later in life. However, no research has considered the mental health risks associated with being born at ELBW and experiencing CSA. In this study, we investigated the mental health of 179 ELBW survivors and 145 matched normal birth weight (NBW; >2500 g) participants at ages 22–26 and 29–36. At age 22–26, CSA was associated with increased odds of clinically significant internalizing (OR = 7.32, 95% CI: 2.31–23.23) and externalizing (OR = 4.65, 95% CI: 1.11–19.51) problems among ELBW participants exposed to CSA compared to those who did not, though confidence intervals were wide. At age 29–36, CSA was linked to increased odds of any current (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.08–10.87) and lifetime (OR = 7.09, 95% CI: 2.00–25.03) non-substance use psychiatric disorders, however, this did not hold after adjustment for covariates. Statistically significant differences in mental health outcomes were not observed in NBW participants exposed to CSA compared to NBW participants who were not exposed. Survivors of significant perinatal adversity who are also exposed to CSA may be at higher risk for psychopathology through the fourth decade of life.  相似文献   

黑龙江省中青年体育锻炼行为现状与成因探析     

李启天  赵宇 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2010,28(1):36-38

调查结果显示,黑龙江省中青年群体经常参与体育锻炼的人口偏低,锻炼以早上非正式体育场所最为集中,以散步、跑步、太极拳等简便易行项目为主。工作太累、没有余暇时间、缺少场地设施是影响其体育参与的主要因素。其成因主要体现在社区体育文化薄弱、经济收入水平低、体育锻炼行为习惯尚未形成等方面。  相似文献